![]() Overweight & Obesity Statistics . The BMI is used because, for most people, it correlates with the amount of fat in their bodies. An online tool for gauging the BMIs of adults can be found at: cdc. BMI of Children and Adolescents Ages 2 - 1. BMIClassification. At or above the 8. Overweight or obese. At or above the 9. Obese. Children grow at different rates at different times, so it is not always easy to tell if a child is overweight. BMI charts for children compare their height and weight to other children of their same sex and age. An online tool for guaging the BMIs of children and teens can be found at: nccd. Calculator. aspx. Causes of Overweight and Obesity.
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Chronic Diseases: The Leading Causes of Death and. The total cost of arthritis and related conditions was about $. Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity. A-z list > obesity weight loss article > obesity weight loss related diseases. What causes. Related Diseases. There’s increasing evidence that the same healthful food choices and diet patterns that help prevent heart disease. Nutrition Related Diseases. Our doctors have compiled a list of ailments related to Nutrition. The conditions and diseases listed below. What causes obesity? ![]() Overweight and obesity result from an energy imbalance. The body needs a certain amount of energy (calories) from food to keep up basic life functions. Body weight tends to remain the same when the number of calories eaten equals the number of calories the body uses or “burns.” Over time, when people eat and drink more calories than they burn, the energy balance tips toward weight gain, overweight, and obesity. Energy balance in children happens when the amount of energy taken in from food or drink and the energy being used by the body support natural growth without promoting excess weight gain. They include genes, eating habits, how and where people live, attitudes and emotions, life habits, and income. Treatment of Overweight and Obesity. ![]() Overweight and obesity are risk factors for type 2 diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, and other health problems such as those listed below. There is no single approach that can help prevent or treat overweight and obesity. Treatment may include a mix of behavioral treatment, diet, exercise, and sometimes weight- loss drugs. In some cases of extreme obesity, weight- loss surgery may be an option. Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity. The data presented in this publication are from two surveys conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)2,3 and the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). Diet Related Diseases Obesity Causes And Treatment![]() Adults Age 2. 0 and Older. More than two- thirds (6. Another 3. 3. 1 percent had BMIs from 2. The group with BMIs of 3. Those considered to have extreme obesity, with BMIs of 4. Equal percentages (3. Among men, 4 percent had extreme obesity; the percentage among women was double that of men, at 8 percent. The following are general prevalence estimates from the 2. NHIS for adults age 1. Asian Americans: 1. American Indians and Alaska Natives: 3. Native Hawaiians or Other Pacific Islanders: 4. Among black people, 7. Among Hispanic people, 7. Among adults in the United States in all racial categories, 6. ![]() Source: NHANES, 2. Estimated Percentage of Youth with Overweight or Obesity, United States, 2. Children and Adolescents Young children ages 2 to 5 have a lower prevalence of overweight and obesity than older youth. Among people ages 6–1. Among people ages 1. Among boys, 3. 3 percent had overweight or obesity, and 1. Across youth of both sexes, 3. Among black youth, 4. Among Hispanic youth, 4. Across youth ages 6 to 1. About 3. 2 percent of adults were overweight, about 1. The increase was most dramatic within the obesity category, while the percentage of overweight adults held fairly steady, and the percentage of adults with extreme obesity increased moderately. Around 2. 00. 0, about 7. Of this group, 3. About 3. 3 percent were considered overweight, about 3. Extra health benefits can be gained by increasing how often and intensely one exercises and how long each session lasts. In addition, the guidelines recommend that people do activities that strengthen muscles (such as weight training or push- ups) at least twice a week. Other studies use a tool that records movement as it occurs. Researchers consider the studies using tools to be more accurate. A study conducted in 2. Children and Adolescent. The physical activity guidelines also recommend that children and youth get at least 6. While 4. 2 percent of children ages 6 to 1. The leftmost part of the graph shows data on children ages 6–1. For children in that age range, 4. Among boys, 4. 8. The middle of the graph shows data on youth ages 1. For youth within this age range, 8 percent were getting at least 6. Among boys, the percentage was 1. The right part of the graph shows percentages for youth ages 1. For youth within this age range, 7. Among boys, 1. 0 percent were doing 6. In general, many more young children than older ones were doing at least 6. Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: The evidence report. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; September 1. NIH Publication No. Available online: www. Prevalence of obesity and trends in the distribution of body mass index among US adults, 1. Journal of the American Medical Association. Available online: jama. Prevalence of obesity and trends in body mass index among US children and adolescents, 1. Journal of the American Medical Association. Available online: jama. Summary health statistics for U. S. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. Vital and Health Statistics 1. Available online: cdc. PDF, 3. 8 MB). Prevalence of overweight, obesity, and extreme obesity among adults: United States, trends 1. NCHS Health E- Stat. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics; 2. Available online: cdc. PDF, 2. 02. 5 KB). Department of Health and Human Services. Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans. ODPHP Publication No. Washington, D. C.: U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. Available online: health. Physical activity in the United States measured by accelerometer. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. Available online: ncbi. Clinical Trials The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) and other components of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) conduct and support research into many diseases and conditions. Clinical trials look at new ways to prevent, detect, or treat disease. Researchers also use clinical trials to look at other aspects of care, such as improving the quality of life for people with chronic illnesses. Find out if clinical trials are right for you. Adult Obesity Causes & Consequences . Obesity results from a combination of causes and contributing factors, including individual factors such as behavior and genetics. Behaviors can include dietary patterns, physical activity, inactivity, medication use, and other exposures. Additional contributing factors in our society include the food and physical activity environment, education and skills, and food marketing and promotion. Obesity is a serious concern because it is associated with poorer mental health outcomes, reduced quality of life, and the leading causes of death in the U. S. Energy balance of the number of calories consumed from foods and beverages with the number of calories the body uses for activity plays a role in preventing excess weight gain. A healthy diet pattern follows the Dietary Guidelines for Americans which emphasizes eating whole grains, fruits, vegetables, lean protein, low- fat and fat- free dairy products and drinking water. The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans recommends adults do at least 1. Having a healthy diet pattern and regular physical activity is also important for long term health benefits and prevention of chronic diseases such as Type 2 diabetes and heart disease. For more, see Healthy Weight – Finding a Balance. Community Environment. People and families may make decisions based on their environment or community. For example, a person may choose not to walk or bike to the store or to work because of a lack of sidewalks or safe bike trails. Community, home, child care, school, health care, and workplace settings can all influence people’s daily behaviors. Therefore, it is important to create environments in these locations that make it easier to engage in physical activity and eat a healthy diet. Watch The Obesity Epidemic to learn about the many community environmental factors that have contributed to the obesity epidemic, as well as several community initiatives taking place to prevent and reduce obesity. Learn about strategies for a Healthy Food Environment and strategies to improve the environment to make it easier to be physically active. Strategies to create a healthy environment are listed on the Strategies to Prevent Obesity page. More specifically, strategies to create a healthy school environment are listed on the CDC Adolescent and School Health website. Genetics. Do Genes Have a Role in Obesity? Genetic changes in human populations occur too slowly to be responsible for the obesity epidemic. Nevertheless, the variation in how people respond to the environment that promotes physical inactivity and intake of high- calorie foods suggests that genes do play a role in the development of obesity. How Could Genes Influence Obesity? Genes give the body instructions for responding to changes in its environment. Studies have identified variants in several genes that may contribute to obesity by increasing hunger and food intake. Rarely, a clear pattern of inherited obesity within a family is caused by a specific variant of a single gene (monogenic obesity). Most obesity, however, probably results from complex interactions among multiple genes and environmental factors that remain poorly understood (multifactorial obesity). What about Family History? Health care practitioners routinely collect family health history to help identify people at high risk of obesity- related diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and some forms of cancer. Family health history reflects the effects of shared genetics and environment among close relatives. Families can’t change their genes but they can change the family environment to encourage healthy eating habits and physical activity. Those changes can improve the health of family members—and improve the family health history of the next generation. Learn more about genetics and obesity here: Obesity and Genomics. Other Factors: Diseases and Drugs. Some illnesses may lead to obesity or weight gain. These may include Cushing’s disease, and polycystic ovary syndrome. Drugs such as steroids and some antidepressants may also cause weight gain. The science continues to emerge on the role of other factors in energy balance and weight gain such as chemical exposures and the role of the microbiome. A health care provider can help you learn more about your health habits and history in order to tell you whether behaviors, illnesses, medications, and/or psychological factors are contributing to weight gain or making weight loss hard. Consequences of Obesity. Health Consequences. People who are obese, compared to those with a normal or healthy weight, are at increased risk for many serious diseases and health conditions, including the following: 5,6,7. All- causes of death (mortality)High blood pressure (Hypertension)High LDL cholesterol, low HDL cholesterol, or high levels of triglycerides (Dyslipidemia)Type 2 diabetes. Coronary heart disease. Stroke. Gallbladder disease. Osteoarthritis (a breakdown of cartilage and bone within a joint)Sleep apnea and breathing problems. Some cancers (endometrial, breast, colon, kidney, gallbladder, and liver)Low quality of life. Mental illness such as clinical depression, anxiety, and other mental disorders. Body pain and difficulty with physical functioning. For more information about these and other health problems associated with obesity, visit Health Effects of Obesity. For more information about these and other health problems associated with overweight and obesity, visit Clinical Guidelines on the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults . Indirect costs relate to morbidity and mortality costs including productivity. Productivity measures include . National Estimated Costs of Obesity. The medical care costs of obesity in the United States are high. In 2. 00. 8 dollars, these costs were estimated to be $1. The annual nationwide productive costs of obesity obesity- related absenteeism range between $3. In addition to these costs, data shows implications of obesity on recruitment by the armed forces. An assessment was performed of the percentage of the US military- age population that exceeds the US Army’s current active duty enlistment standards for weight- for- height and percent body fat, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. In 2. 00. 7- 2. 00. Army’s enlistment standards for weight and body fat.
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